The US-China Trade Negotiation: A Contract Theory Perspective
Philip K.H. Wong Centre for Chinese Law
黃乾亨中國法研究中心
Regulating Chinese Online Platforms: Challenges and Trends
中國互聯網平台監管：現狀、挑戰與趨勢
Date: June 17, 2023 (Saturday)
日期: 2023年6月17日 (星期六)
Time: 09:00 – 17:50
時間: 09:00 – 17:50
Venue: Academic Conference Room, 11/F, Cheng Yu Tung Tower, HKU
地點: 香港大學鄭裕彤教學樓 11樓 學術會議室
Programme Agenda
08:30 – 09:00
Registration
09:00 – 09:10
[Mandarin]
Welcome Note
Hualing Fu (Warren Chan Professor in Human Rights and Responsibilities, Dean, Faculty of Law, The University of Hong Kong)
09:10 – 09:30
[Mandarin]
Keynote Speech
Xiaoye Wang (Distinguished Professor of Law, Shenzhen University, Researcher, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)
09:30 – 10:30
[English]
Panel 1: Chinese Platforms Overseas
In recent years, Chinese companies like ByteDance, the powerhouse behind the wildly successful app TikTok, have taken the global stage by storm, amassing hundreds of millions of users worldwide. Yet, they face an increasingly complex web of legal challenges abroad. The US government is mulling over a TikTok ban, and Congress is working on legislation to impose further restrictions on the company. Similarly, EU authorities have followed the lead of many US states by banning TikTok on government devices. How have geopolitical tensions shaped the regulatory environments for Chinese platforms overseas? How will legal restrictions on Chinese platforms evolve in the United States and Europe? What strategies can Chinese firms employ to navigate these challenges? What role can diplomacy and international collaboration play in mitigating legal risks? What does the future hold for Chinese firms in their quest to address these overseas legal challenges?
Speakers:
- Yanqing Hong (Professor of Law, Beijing Institute of Technology, Member, National Information Security Standardization Technical Committee)
- Samm Sacks (Senior Fellow, Yale Law School’s Paul Tsai China Center)
- Graham Webster (Research Scholar, Cyber Policy Center, Stanford University)
11:00 – 12:00
[Mandarin]
Panel 2: Antitrust in the Digital Economy
Antitrust law has taken center stage in China's efforts to regulate Big Tech firms. Over recent years, the Chinese regulatory authorities have pursued several landmark cases, amended the Anti-Monopoly Law, and proposed updates to the Anti-Unfair Competition Law. What are the current priorities in Chinese antitrust enforcement? Will mergers and acquisitions involving Big Tech companies be subjected to greater legal scrutiny? What are the most recent updates on interoperability requirements for Chinese platforms? How will these changes impact the competitive landscape? How might these influence the competitive dynamics in China's tech industry? Will Chinese authorities follow the lead of other jurisdictions like the EU in introducing more ex ante regulation? How will the Anti-Unfair Competition Law evolve in the context of Big Tech regulation?
Speakers:
- Xiaoye Wang (Distinguished Professor of Law, Shenzhen University, Researcher, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)
- Jin Wang (Partner, Fangda Partners)
- Qiang Xue (Partner, Jones Day)
Panel 3: Workers in New Employment Forms
The rise of the platform economy has prompted unique challenges in terms of labor protections, especially for workers engaged in the sharing economy. To address these, China’s labor regulator has introduced new guidance aimed at safeguarding workers in unconventional employment forms. Concurrently, the Supreme People’s Court has considered implementing guidelines to reinforce protection for these workers in judicial practices. What are the major obstacles to implementing recent reforms intended to bolster protection for platform workers? How can these challenges be effectively addressed? What should be the criteria used to identify labor relations in the rapidly evolving platform economy? How can regulators balance the need for robust labor protection with the economic imperative of fostering the platform economy’s growth and stabilizing employment?
Speakers:
- Jianbao Song (Director, Internet Justice Research Center, China Institute of Applied Jurisprudence)
- Yu Lou (Professor of Law, China University of Political Science and Law)
- Rongqing Ren (Senior Legal Expert, Alibaba Local Services Group)
13:30 – 14:30
[Mandarin]
Panel 4: Cross-Border Data Transfer
Amid escalating geopolitical tensions and heightened scrutiny over Big Tech, the Chinese data authority has imposed stricter requirements for outbound data flows. In recent years, three primary mechanisms have been established to ensure secure data transfers: security assessment, standard contract clauses, and security certification. How have these institutional mechanisms been put into practice? What are the key challenges that arise during the implementation of these data transfer mechanisms? How can companies effectively navigate these challenges to ensure compliance? What are the implications of these stricter data transfer requirements for Chinese companies operating in an increasingly complex global landscape?
Speakers:
- Yaohua Liu (Senior Expert, Internet Law Research Center, China Academy of Information and Communications Technology)
- Xiao Dong (Partner, Jun He Law Offices)
- Yanqing Hong (Professor of Law, Beijing Institute of Technology, Member, National Information Security Standardization Technical Committee)
- Ying Xue (Partner, GEN Law Firm)
15:00 – 16:00
[Mandarin]
Panel 5: Data Regulation & Compliance
In 2021, China took a significant step in strengthening its data protection by adopting the Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL), often referred to as China's GDPR. This law imposes stringent obligations on Chinese online platforms to protect personal data and ensure privacy. Concurrently, the nation’s Cyberspace Administration (CAC) has been proactive in addressing the challenges posed by disruptive technologies, particularly in the realm of artificial intelligence, by introducing a series of new regulations. What are the primary challenges faced by Chinese companies in complying with the PIPL? How are Chinese firms navigating the demanding requirements of consumer consent and data transfer under the new law? What approaches can we expect from Chinese authorities in regulating generative AI technologies? How will the trajectory of Chinese data regulation evolve in the coming years?
Speakers:
- Yaohua Liu (Senior Expert, Internet Law Research Center, China Academy of Information and Communications Technology)
- Yi Zhang (Partner, Fangda Partners)
- Haochen Sun (Professor of Law, The University of Hong Kong)
- Shaolin Qiu (Director of Legal Compliance, Tencent)
16:30 – 17:30
[Mandarin]
17:30 – 17:50
[Mandarin]
Keynote Speech
Yi Zhang (General Counsel, Alibaba Local Services Group)
會議議程
08:30 – 09:00
登記
09:00 – 09:10
[普通話]
歡迎致辭
傅華伶 (香港大學法律學院陳志海基金講座教授，香港大學法律學院院長)
09:10 – 09:30
[普通話]
主題演講
王曉曄 (深圳大學特聘教授，中國社會科學院法學所研究員)
09:30 – 10:30
[英文]
單元一：中國科技企業的出境困境
近年來，中國公司如字節跳動在全球範圍內取得了巨大成功，吸引了數億用戶。 字節跳動旗下的應用程式TikTok更是成為一大熱門。 然而，這些公司在國外也面臨著越來越複雜的法律挑戰。 美國政府正考慮封禁TikTok，國會也在制定法案對其施加進一步限制。 與此同時，歐盟當局效仿美國，禁止在政府設備上使用TikTok。 地緣政治的緊張局勢如何影響中國平台在海外的監管環境？ 美歐對中國平台的法律限制將何去何從？ 中國企業又該如何應對這些挑戰？ 外交和國際合作在減輕法律風險方面能發揮多大作用？ 面對這些海外法律挑戰，中國企業的前景將會如何？
主講人:
洪延青 (北京理工大學法學院教授，全國信息安全標準化技術委員會委員)
Samm Sacks (耶魯大學法學院蔡中曾中國中心高級研究員)
Graham Webster (斯坦福大學網絡政策中心研究學者)
11:00 – 12:00
[普通話]
單元二：大數據時代的反壟斷問題
反壟斷法在中國監管大型科技公司方面發揮著核心作用。 近年來，中國市場監管部門調查了多起具有代表性的案件，修訂了《反壟斷法》，並建議更新《反不正當競爭法》。 目前中國反壟斷執法的焦點是什麼？ 科技巨頭的併購活動是否將面臨更嚴格的法律審查？ 中國平台互操作性要求有哪些最新動態？ 這些變化將如何影響競爭格局？ 它們又將如何改變中國科技行業的競爭態勢？ 中國政府是否會效仿歐盟等地區，引入更多的事前監管措施？ 在科技巨頭監管背景下，《反不正當競爭法》將如何發展？
主講人:
王曉曄 (深圳大學特聘教授，中國社會科學院法學所研究員)
王瑾 (方達律師事務所合夥人)
薛強 (眾達律師事務所合夥人)
單元三：平台經濟新就業形態用工
在平台經濟蓬勃發展之際，勞動保護正面臨諸多獨特挑戰，尤其是對於投身共享經濟的工作者而言。 為應對此問題，中國勞動監管部門出台了新的指導意見，旨在維護從事非傳統就業形態的勞動者權益。 同時，最高人民法院也考慮在司法實踐中貫徹強化平台用工保護的指導建議。 這些近期改革的推進可能遇到哪些障礙？ 如何有效化解這些挑戰？ 在迅速演變的平台經濟中，勞動關係的認定標準應該是什麼？ 監管機構又如何在保護勞動者權益與促進平台經濟增長及穩定就業之間實現平衡？
主講人:
宋建寶 (中國應用法學研究所研究員，互聯網司法研究中心主任)
婁宇 (中國政法大學法學院教授)
任容慶 (阿里巴巴本地生活集團法務部高級法務專家)
13:30 – 14:30
[普通話]
單元四：數字經濟下的跨境數據傳輸
近年來，隨著地緣政治緊張態勢不斷升級，大型科技公司面臨的審查日漸收緊，中國數據主管部門對出境數據流提出了更為嚴格的要求。 為確保數據傳輸的安全，中國建立了三大核心機制：安全評估、標準合同條款以及安全認證。 這些數據傳輸機制是如何付諸實踐的？ 它們的執行帶來了哪些現實挑戰？ 企業又如何巧妙應對這些挑戰，以確保合規性？ 對於在日益錯綜複雜的全球環境中運營的中國公司而言，這些更為嚴格的數據傳輸要求將產生何種影響？
主講人:
劉耀華 (中國信息通信研究院互聯網法律研究中心資深專家)
董瀟 (君合律師事務所合夥人)
洪延青 (北京理工大學法學院教授，全國信息安全標準化技術委員會委員)
薛穎 (己任律師事務所合夥人)
15:00 – 16:00
[普通話]
單元五：數據監管與合規
2021年，中國頒布了《個人信息保護法》，這一法律常被譽為中國版GDPR，為加強數據保護邁出了關鍵一步。 個保法明確了中國互聯網平台在個人信息和隱私保護方面所承擔的嚴格義務。 同時，為應對人工智慧等顛覆性技術帶來的挑戰，中國網信辦推出了一系列新法規。 中國企業在個保法合規方面遇到了哪些困難？ 它們是如何遵守消費者同意以及數據傳輸的嚴格要求？ 中國當局可能採取哪些措施來監管人工智慧技術？ 在未來幾年，中國數據監管可能呈現何種發展趨勢？
主講人:
劉耀華 (中國信息通信研究院互聯網法律研究中心資深專家)
張毅 (方達律師事務所合夥人)
孫皓琛 (香港大學法律學院教授)
邱少林 (騰訊法務合規總監)
16:30 – 17:30
[普通話]
17:30 – 17:50
[普通話]
主題演講
張毅 (阿里巴巴本地生活集團總法律顧問)
Our speakers:
講者介紹:
Chair 主持人
Angela Zhang is the Director of the Philip K. H. Wong Centre for Chinese Law and an Associate Professor of Law at The University of Hong Kong. An expert on Chinese law, Angela is a highly sought-after commentator on Chinese regulatory governance issues. An award-winning scholar, Angela’s first book, “Chinese Antitrust Exceptionalism,” was named a Best Political Economy Book of the Year by ProMarket in 2021. Prior to joining academia, Angela practiced law for six years in the United States, Europe, and Asia. She received her LLB from Peking University and her LLM, JD, and JSD from the University of Chicago Law School.
張湖月：香港大學法律學院副教授，香港大學黃乾亨中國法研究中心主任。 對中國監管治理問題的見解具有廣泛的影響力，首部著作《Chinese Antitrust Exceptionalism》贏得了2021年ProMarket評選的年度最佳政治經濟學圖書獎。 曾在美國、歐洲和亞洲執業律師長達六年。 擁有北京大學法學學士學位，以及芝加哥大學法學碩士、法學博士（JD）和法律科學博士（JSD）學位。
Keynote Speakers 主題演講者
Xiaoye Wang is a Distinguished Professor of Law at Shenzhen University and a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Her research interests include economic law, international economic law, and competition law. With nearly 300 published papers in Chinese, German, and English, she has made significant contributions to the field. She delivered two lectures on antitrust law to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress of China in 2002 and 2005.
王曉曄：深圳大學特聘教授，德國漢堡大學法學博士，中國社會科學院法學研究所二級研究員、博士生導師，研究領域為競爭法、經濟法、國際經濟法。 兼任國家社會科學基金學科評審組專家， 曾任全國人大法工委與國務院法制辦的反壟斷立法顧問，為兩屆全國人大常委會作反壟斷法制講座。 2009年獲「當代中國法學名家」稱號，2017年被評為“影響中國法治建設進程的百位法學家”。
Zhang Yi serves as the General Legal Counsel for Alibaba Local Life Service Group. He joined the Alibaba Group in 2014, bringing with him a wealth of experience from his prior work at international law firms, where he concentrated on capital markets and investment mergers and acquisitions. His educational background includes a Bachelor's degree from Renmin University of China, a Master's degree from Columbia University, and a Doctor of Law degree from Cornell University.
張毅: 現任阿里巴巴本地生活集團總法律顧問。 張先生2014年加入阿里巴巴集團。 加入阿里集團之前，張先生在國際律所從事資本市場和投資併購方面的法務工作。 張先生擁有中國人民大學學士學位、哥倫比亞大學碩士學位和康奈爾大學的法律博士學位。
Speakers 講者
Yanqing Hong is a Professor of Law at the Beijing Institute of Technology. He focuses on data protection, cross-border data flow, and cybersecurity related legal issues. He leads the standardization project on personal data protection under the National Information Security Standardization Technical Committee of China, and acts as deputy head of the drafting task force for developing the Guidelines on the Cross-Border Data Transfer Security Assessment.
洪延青：北京理工大學院聘教授，研究方向為國際法、網絡法、數據法。 兼任全國信息安全標準化技術委員會委員（TC260）委員，中國電子技術標準化研究院信息安全研究中心特聘研究員，廣東省人民政府聘為廣東省“數字政府”改革建設專家委員會委員，世界經濟論壇（WEF）網絡安全全球未來理事會委員，深度參與了一系列中國網絡安全國家標準編製。
Samm Sacks is a Senior Fellow at Yale Law School’s Paul Tsai China Center. Her research examines China’s information and communications technology (ICT) policies, with a focus on China’s cybersecurity legal system, the U.S.-China technology relationship, and the geopolitics of data privacy and cross-border data flows.
Samm Sacks：耶魯大學法學院蔡中曾中國中心高級研究員，研究領域為中國的信息和通信技術 （ICT） 政策，重點關注中國的網絡安全法律體系、中美技術關係以及數據隱私和跨境數據流動的地緣政治。 曾為西門子公司推出了中國、日本、韓國的工業網絡業務，並在政治風險諮詢公司歐亞集團領導中國科技行業分析，多次就中國的技術和網絡政策在美國國會作證。
Graham Webster is a research scholar and editor-in-chief of the DigiChina Project at the Stanford University Cyber Policy Center. DigiChina is an inter-organization network of specialists to produce analysis and translation on China’s digital policy developments. He researches, publishes, and speaks to diverse audiences on the intersection of U.S.–China relations and advanced technology.
Graham Webster: 斯坦福大學網絡政策中心研究學者，DigiChina 項目主編。 主要研究領域為中美關係與先進技術的交匯，並發表了一系列相關文章與演講。 DigiChina 是一個由專家組成的跨組織網絡，致力於分析和翻譯中國的數字政策發展。
Jin Wang is a partner at Fangda LLP (Hong Kong). She has more than 10 years of experience in advising clients on all aspects of Chinese competition law, including merger control, administrative investigations, and antitrust compliance. She has engaged in a broad range of industry sectors, including healthcare, automobiles, consumer products, natural resources, high-tech, infrastructure, and private equity.
王瑾：方達律師事務所香港辦公室合伙人，在反壟斷領域擁有十年以上的工作經驗，為客戶提供經營者集中申報、反壟斷調查及反壟斷合規諮詢等全方位的中國競爭法法律服務。 她所代表的客戶涉及廣泛的行業領域，包括醫療、汽車、化工、消費品及零售、房地產、集裝箱運輸、能源及自然資源、高新技術、基礎設施及交通運輸以及私募基金等行業。
Qiang Xue is a partner at Jones Day (Hong Kong). He represents clients in all aspects of antitrust law, including government investigations, merger reviews, and private litigations. He was involved in drafting the Anti-Monopoly Law of 2007 and many other high-profile enforcement activities in China. He also has extensive experience in antitrust enforcement and government regulation beyond China’s borders.
薛強：眾達律師事務所香港辦公室合夥人，處理涉及反壟斷法律的各類問題，包括併購審查、政府調查和民事訴訟等。 2006年至2014年期間，他曾在中國反壟斷執法機構先後擔任多個職務，並參與了2007年《反壟斷法》的起草制定和多起重大案件的查辦; 同時擁有中國境外反壟斷和政府監管的豐富經驗，先後於2011年和2012年在歐盟委員會競爭總司和英國公平貿易辦公室訪問工作。
Jianbao Song holds the position of Director of the Internet Justice Research Center at the China Institute of Applied Jurisprudence. His areas of expertise include civil and commercial law, intellectual property law, and their associated judicial systems. He has gained extensive experience in technology-related and IP-related law and policy, scientific research project management, and intellectual property judicial appraisal.
宋建寶：中國應用法學研究所互聯網司法研究中心主任，主要研究領域為民商法、知識產權法以及相關的司法制度。曾在國家科學技術部工作13年，主要從事科技法律及科技政策研究、知識產權法律及知識產權政策研究、科研項目管理及研究以及知識產權司法鑒定等工作。主持和參研國家級、省部級課題14項，已出版多本具有實踐指導意義的著作，發表40餘篇專業學術文章。
Ying Xue is a senior counsel supervising the compliance practice of GEN Law Firm. She specializes in regulatory affairs in cybersecurity and data protection, antitrust and anti-unfair competition, anti-commercial bribery, and the Chinese social credit system. She has also participated in many research topics led by law enforcement authorities and academic institutions as a postdoctoral fellow at the Institute of Law of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
薛穎：北京己任律師事務所主管法律合規業務的高級顧問（合伙人級），專長於網絡安全和數據保護、反壟斷、反商業賄賂、多邊金融機構合規等領域的合規業務，同時擔任湖北省、遼寧省、深圳市等多地競爭法專家庫專家及北京市文化娛樂法協會立法諮詢與政府規制法律專業委員會委員，並作為中國社會科學院法學所博士後參與多項研究課題。
Yu Lou is a Professor of Civil, Commercial and Economic Law at the China University of Political Science and Law, where he also holds the position of Director for the Social Law Institute. His research interests encompass labor law, employment law, social security law and policy, and insurance law. He is also a council member of the Chinese Society of Social Law and the Chinese Society of Social Security.
婁宇：中國政法大學民商經濟法學院教授，社會法研究所所長，研究領域為勞動和社會保障法律與政策、保險法等。 兼任中國社會法研究會理事、中國社會保障學會理事、中華全國總工會工會理論和勞動關係智庫專家、中國政法大學法律專家諮詢委員會委員等職。 多篇咨政報告被全國人大常委會、全國人大社會建設委員會、國家醫療保障局等機關採納，並獲得黨和國家領導人批示。
Rongqing Ren holds a doctorate in law and currently serves as a postdoctoral fellow. She is the Director of the Ali Local Life Legal Policy Research Center and the Chinese Society of Behavioral Law. She is also a researcher at the Real Estate Law and Bankruptcy Law Research Center at Nankai University and a visiting postgraduate tutor at the North China University of Technology.
任容慶：阿里巴巴本地生活集團法務部高級法務專家。 中國行為法學會理事，南開大學房地產法與破產法研究中心研究員，北方工業大學校外研究生導師。
Xiao Dong is a partner at JunHe LLP (Beijing). She specializes in the areas of foreign direct investment, mergers and acquisitions, as well as telecom, internet, high-tech and data privacy and information law. Her clients include industry leaders in manufacturing, high-tech and internet and telecommunications services and education. She is consistently recognized as an expert in Information Technology by Who’s Who Legal.
董瀟：君合律師事務所北京辦公室合伙人，業務領域主要包括公司併購、電信互聯網、信息保護、網絡安全、電子商務及其他數字化服務等各方面法律事務，所服務的客戶涉及各種行業，特別是互聯網、信息和高科技行業等。 她是國內最早從事信息保護和數位化業務的律師之一，連續多年被多家媒體認可為推薦的通信媒體和數據保護法律師。
Yaohua Liu serves as a Senior Expert for the Internet Law Research Center at the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology (CAICT). She conducts cutting-edge research on various aspects of Internet law, including telecom and cyber security. She contributes to the development of innovative solutions that address contemporary legal challenges arising from the ever-growing digital landscape.
劉耀華: 中國信息通信研究院互聯網法律研究中心高級工程師，長期從事數據跨境流動、數據安全等方面研究工作。
Yi Zhang is a partner at Fangda LLP (Shanghai). He specializes in privacy and data protection, cybersecurity, and regulatory compliance, and has extensive experience in localizing GDPR-centric data protection programs and FTC privacy management programs in China. He also advises on data protection issues in relation to emerging technology such as artificial intelligence, internet of things, big data, and driverless cars.
張毅：方達律師事務所上海辦公室合伙人，專業領域為隱私以及個人數據保護、網絡安全、監管合規業務。 他在搭建全球隱私合規項目方面擁有豐富經驗，擅長將GDPR或者美國聯邦貿易委員會FTC要求的隱私保護體系實現中國本地化，還處理過多起個人信息保護相關的爭議性事項以及合規調查，並且為客戶提供人工智能、物聯網、大數據以及無人駕駛相關的合規監管意見。
Haochen Sun is a Professor of Law at The University of Hong Kong. He specializes in intellectual property, technology law, and Chinese law. His wide-ranging, interdisciplinary scholarship has explored a variety of cutting-edge areas in law and technology, ranging from the legal status of products created by artificial intelligence to access to patented medicines and vaccines, IP rights owners’ responsibilities, and the trademark protection of luxury brands.
孫皓琛：香港大學法律學院教授，專長為知識產權的理論和政策基礎、中國知識產權法、技術法與公共利益。 兼任加州大學大衛斯法學院、北卡羅來納大學法學院、哥倫比亞大學法學院的客座教授。 曾因中國奢侈品知識產權保護和商標法改革項目獲得多項研究成果獎和重大研究經費。 同時為娛樂、信息技術、奢侈品和時尚領域的律所及公司就知識產權保護提供法律意見。
Shaolin Qiu currently serves as an attorney in the Legal Affairs Department of Tencent Group, where he oversees data privacy compliance and develops compliance strategies for the organization. Prior to joining Tencent, he gained valuable experience working at the Beijing office of King & Wood Mallesons. Shaolin holds a Master's degree in Law from Peking University, as well as a Bachelor's degree in Engineering from Xi'an Electronic Science and Technology University. As a testament to his expertise, he possesses both a legal professional qualification certificate and a patent agent qualification certificate.
邱少林: 目前就職於騰訊集團法務部，負責集團數據隱私合規以及合規策略工作。 加入騰訊之前，邱律師工作於金杜律師事務所北京辦公室。 邱律師碩士畢業於北京大學法學院，獲法律碩士學位; 本科畢業於西安電子科技大學，獲工學學士學位。 邱律師擁有法律職業資格證書和專利代理人資格證書。